Vitamins Chart with Deficiency Diseases and Related Definitions

 

Vitamin: 

Any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.

In 1911 scientist Casimir Funk discovered vitamins.

Anti vitamin:
Any compound that inhibits the metabolic action of a vitamin.

Vitamins with their associated Antivitamins:

Vitamin B1 or Thiamine — Pyrithiamine, Oxythiamine, Chlorogenic acid, Pyrocatechins and Caffeic acid

Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin — Galactoflavin and Diethyl riboflavin

Vitamin B6 or Pyridoxine — Isoniazid and Cycloserine

Vitamin H or Biotin — Avidin

Vitamin M or Folic acid — Amethopterin

Provitamin

Any biologically inactive compound that may be converted into a vitamin within an animal organism.
Example: Beta Carotene, 7-Dehydrocholesterol and Ergosterol

Hypovitaminosis

Symptom's associated with insufficiency of one or more essential vitamins in the body
Example: Cataract due to vitamin A deficiency

Hypervitaminosis

Any medical condition resulting from excessive intake of vitamins.
Example: Excessive amount of vitamin A intake can cause nausea, migraine, hair loss and several eye infections.

Avitaminosis

Any disease which is caused by vitamin deficiency.
Example: Blindness or xerophthalmia due to extreme vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin synthesized in the body:

Vitamin A — synthesized from Beta Carotene of carrots.

Vitamin D – synthesized from 7-Dehydrocholesterol of the epidermis layer of skin and Ergosterol of vegetable oil.

Vitamin B12 and vitamin K – synthesized from intestinal bacteria.

The chemical name of vitamins and diseases caused by vitamin deficiency: